Jalil Noori Raygani; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Shaban Rahimi; Omid Madadgar
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 199-209
Abstract
Three experiments were carried out for isolation of bacteriophage against growth reducing Enterococcus faecalis and evaluation of its efficacy to control Enterococci colonization in intestine of Japanese quails. In experiment one, 60 Enterococci spp were isolated from gastrointestinal contents of adult ...
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Three experiments were carried out for isolation of bacteriophage against growth reducing Enterococcus faecalis and evaluation of its efficacy to control Enterococci colonization in intestine of Japanese quails. In experiment one, 60 Enterococci spp were isolated from gastrointestinal contents of adult quails, which among them seven isolates were selected based on preliminary tests. In experiment two, effect of oral challenge by the seven selected isolates along with Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299- as positive control on growth performance of growing quails was evaluated. In experiment three, lytic bacteriophage was screened against Enterococcus faecalis using quails excreta and poultry house swage as a sources of phage. Finally, efficiency of bacteriophage therapy (104 pfu/mL) in biocontrol of enterococcal colonization of intestine was evaluated in quails orally challenged by Enterococcus faecalis (107 cfu/mL). Among seven isolates from the first experiment, an isolate which reduced the growth of growing quails and had the minimum mortality in comparison to negative control group (P<0.05) was final selected and identified at the species level using biochemical tests based of carbohydrates fermentation profile as Enterococcus faecalis. Oral administration of isolated bacteriophage against Enterococcus faecalis was able to reduce the intestinal enterococci colonization to a level comparable to negative control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, isolated bacteriophage against Enterococcus faecalis effectively reduced enterococci colonization in intestinal content of quails and in this way, a growth reducing factor in poultry could be biocontrolled.
Seyed Naser Khaleghi Miran; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Shaban Rahimi; Mohammad Reza Bassami; Sakine Babaei
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 235-245
Abstract
The effect of ethanolic extract of Iranian green propolis, rosemary and earthworm meal to determine on performance, immune system and blood metabolites of Japanese quail, using 160 mixed-sex quail chicks in a completely randomized design by four treatments (including ethanolic extract of propolis 0.1 ...
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The effect of ethanolic extract of Iranian green propolis, rosemary and earthworm meal to determine on performance, immune system and blood metabolites of Japanese quail, using 160 mixed-sex quail chicks in a completely randomized design by four treatments (including ethanolic extract of propolis 0.1 percent, rosemary leaves meal 0.5 percent, earthworm meal 0.5 percent and control) and four replicates of 10 birds in each replication for 42 days. Earthworm meal improved the performance (P<0.05). The treatments had no significant effect on the antibody production against sheep red blood cells. The highest antibody titers against Avian Influenza and Newcastle disease were related to rosemary and propolis, respectively (P<0.05). Rosemary supplemented group showed a better response to cell mediated immunity (P<0.05). Addition of propolis and rosemary in diet led to improvement in blood metabolites and earthworm meal decreased blood serum triglycerides, cholesterol and low density lipoproteins compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). The results showed that propolis and rosemary enhanced immunity. Furthermore, they were reduced serum glucose and lipids. Although earthworm meal improved performance but it was less effective in improving the immune system and blood metabolites.